Inventing the Alphabet: The Origins of Letters from Antiquity to the Present

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The Alphabets of Asia Minor are generally assumed to be offshoots of archaic versions of the Greek alphabet. In 1832, the Oriental Translation Fund of Great Britain and Ireland supported the posthumous abridged publication of Titsingh's French translation.

The project was completed in late December 1443 or January 1444, and described in 1446 in a document titled Hunminjeong'eum ( The Proper Sounds for the Education of the People), after which the alphabet itself was originally named.Some Rights Reserved (2009-2023) under Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike license unless otherwise noted. Several scripts coexisted such as half-uncial and uncial, which derive from Roman cursive and Greek uncial, and Visigothic, Merovingian (Luxeuil variant here) and Beneventan. According to a 1904 theory by Theodor Nöldeke, some of the letter names were changed in Phoenician from the Proto-Canaanite script.

The Hebrew alphabet emerges in the Second Temple period, from around 300 BC, out of the Aramaic alphabet used in the Persian empire.The appearance of Phoenician disintegrated many of these class divisions, although many Middle Eastern kingdoms, such as Assyria, Babylonia and Adiabene, would continue to use cuneiform for legal and liturgical matters well into the Common Era. Basic shape: ㄴ is a side view of the tip of the tongue raised toward the alveolar ridge (gum ridge).

For example, the Manchu alphabet, descended from the abjads of West Asia, was also influenced by Korean hangul [ citation needed], which was either independent (the traditional view) or derived from the abugidas of South Asia. People began to use the J for the consonant and the I for the vowel by the fifteenth century, and it was fully accepted in the mid-seventeenth century. Then, 399 combinations are possible for two-letter syllables and 10,773 possible combinations for syllables with more than two letters (27 possible final endings), for a total of 11,172 possible combinations of Korean alphabet letters to form syllables. Phoenician used a system of acrophony to name letters: a word was chosen with each initial consonant sound, and became the name of the letter for that sound.Simplified relationship between various scripts leading to the development of modern lower case of standard Latin alphabet and that of the modern variants, Fraktur (used in Germany until recently) and Insular/ Gaelic (Ireland). Different languages’ elements contributed to shaping English alphabet into the modern commonly accepted standard form that came along since beginning in approximately the 7th century AD till modern 26-letter structure. The same theory provides the most simple explanation of the shapes of the consonants as an approximation of the shapes of the most representative organ needed to form that sound.

The Ionic variant evolved into the standard Greek alphabet, and the Cumae variant into the Italic alphabets (including the Latin alphabet). The position of the stroke indicates which harmonic class the vowel belongs to, light (top or right) or dark (bottom or left). Its development was under significant influence of Romance languages, particularly French and Spanish. The names of the Santali letters are related to the sound they represent through the acrophonic principle, as in the original alphabet, but it is the final consonant or vowel of the name that the letter represents: le "swelling" represents e, while en "thresh grain" represents n. The regional form of the lettering employed is associated with the island of Euboia (modern Evvia) near Athens, which is where the emigrant Greek settlers of Ischia (ancient Pithekoussai) had originally come from, looking for a better life in southern Italy.

The Cumae form of the Greek alphabet was carried over by Greek colonists from Euboea to the Italian peninsula, where it gave rise to a variety of alphabets used to inscribe the Italic languages. The Hangul-only column, third from the left ( 나랏말ᄊᆞ미), has pitch-accent diacritics to the left of the syllable blocks. Starting of Modern English form of language development is usually associated with the 14th century AD.