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Although generally invisible, jinn are supposed to be composed of thin and subtle bodies ( Arabic: أَجْسَام, romanized: ʾajsām), and can change at will. They favour a snake form, but can also choose to appear as scorpions, lizards, or as humans. They may even engage in sexual affairs with humans and produce offspring. If they are injured by someone, they usually seek revenge or possess the assailant's body, refusing to leave it until forced to do so by exorcism. Jinn do not usually meddle in human affairs, preferring to live with their own kind in tribes similar to those of pre-Islamic Arabia. As in Islam, the idea of spiritual entities converting to one's own religion can be found in Buddhism. According to lore, Buddha preached to Devas and Asura, spiritual entities who, like humans, are subject to the cycle of life, and who resemble the Islamic notion of jinn, who are also ontologically placed among humans in regard to eschatological destiny. [8] (p165) [140] Christianity [ edit ] Nöldeke, T. (1913). "Arabs (Ancient)". In Hastings, J. (ed.). Encyclopaedia of Religion and Ethics. Vol.I. Edinburgh, UK. pp.659–673. {{ cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher ( link) Common juniper is an evergreen conifer. Mature trees can reach a height of 10m and live for up to 200 years. Its bark is grey-brown and peels with age, and its twigs are reddish brown.
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a b c d e Duggan, Terrance (2018). "The just ruler of the age". PHASELIS Journal of Interdisciplinary Mediterranean Studies. 4 (4): 389–421. doi: 10.18367/Pha.18024. Marzolph, U. (1984). Typologie des persischen Volksmärchens[ Typology of Persian Folktales] (in German). Beirut, LB: Massé, Croyances. a b c Sengul, Ali. "Cinema, Horror and the Wrath of God: Turkish Islam's Claims in the Kurdish East." Nübihar Akademi 4.14: 11-28. Jinn, recognisable by their characteristic hooves, gather to do battle with the hero Faramarz. Illustration in an illuminated manuscript of the Iranian epic Shahnameh
Reynolds, Gabriel Said, "Angels", in: Encyclopaedia of Islam, THREE, Edited by: Kate Fleet, Gudrun Krämer, Denis Matringe, John Nawas, Everett Rowson. Consulted online on 06 October 2019 < http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/1573-3912_ei3_COM_23204> Al-Saleh, Yasmine (2010). "Amulets and Talismans from the Islamic World". The Metropolitan Museum of Art. a b c d e f Carboni, Stefano (2013). "The Book of Surprises ( Kitab al-Buhlan) of the Bodleian Library". The La Trobe Journal. 91: 27–28. Heuer, B., Boykova, E. V., Kellner-Heinkele, B. (2020). Man and Nature in the Altaic World.: Proceedings of the 49th Permanent International Altaistic Conference, Berlin, July 30 – August 4, 2006. Deutschland: De Gruyter. p. 300-301
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Peterson, Mark Allen (2007). "From Jinn to Genies: Intertextuality, media, and the making of global folklore". In Sherman, Sharon R.; Koven, Mikel J. (eds.). Folklore/Cinema: Popular film as vernacular culture. Logan, UT: Utah State University Press – via Utah State U. digital commons. It was believed that these deities were detached from God and were gods in their own right, independent on Allah, the High God. They also imagined a genealogy between God and spirits (jinn). So the Arabs had gods and goddesses. This shows that they were also influenced, for example, by the Greek cult of gods, in which a genealogical relationship between the gods also played a role and gods and goddesses existed. According to Süleyman Ates, this attitude is clearly polytheism. (...) But he also points out that this degrades man spiritually."Asad, Muhammad (1980). "Appendix III: On the term and concept of jinn". The Message of the Qu'rán. Gibraltar, Spain: Dar al-Andalus Limited. ISBN 1-904510-00-0. Aarne, A.; Thompson, S. (1973). The Types of the Folktale (2nd rev.ed.). Helsinki, FI: Folklore Fellows Communications 184.
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Reynolds, Gabriel Said (2010). The Qur'an and its Biblical Subtext. Routledge. p.41. ISBN 978-1-135-15020-4.Fahd, T. and Rippin, A., “S̲h̲ayṭān”, in: Encyclopaedia of Islam, Second Edition, Edited by: P. Bearman, Th. Bianquis, C.E. Bosworth, E. van Donzel, W.P. Heinrichs. Consulted online on 17 August 2023 < http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/1573-3912_islam_COM_1054> Moḥammad Ayyūb (1971). Matīnī, J. (ed.). Tuḥfat al-gharā'ib. Tehran, IR. {{ cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher ( link)