Conductive TENS Gel Electrode Gel for TENS Therapy

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Plot the relative mobility value (along x-axis) versus the log of the molecular mass (along y-axis)

P. Fattahi, G. Yang, G. Kim and M. R. Abidian, A Review of Organic and Inorganic Biomaterials for Neural Interfaces, Adv. Mater., 2014, 26, 1846–1885 CrossRef CAS . The degree of adhesion to skin (≈1.5 kPa) was higher than those of common silicones (Ecoflex, PDMS, and Solaris). Yeo etal. reported the adoption of spray‐on‐bandage as adhesive substrate for metal thin film electrodes, as illustrated in Figure 6a. [Needless to say, owing to the low Young's modulus of human skin, on‐skin electrodes are required to exhibit similar modulus to ensure compliance with skin to avoid damage. et al., Fabrication of alginate–gelatin crosslinked hydrogel microcapsules and evaluation of the microstructure and physico-chemical properties, J. Mater. Chem. B, 2014, 2, 1470 RSC . When skin is severely deformed or the electrode is laminated on sweaty skin surface, it may fail to record EP signals due to delamination. Moreover, sufficient adhesion to the skin reduces the interface impedance of the skin‐mountable electrode, ensuring high SNR and accuracy. The ample application of gel can cause gel bridges between adjacent electrodes. Thus at least from 64 channels onwards, a high-viscosity gel is recommended.

Transfer of resolved protein bands to a secondary support (e.g. nitrocellulose) for probing with other reagents (i.e. antibodies) Moreover, the impedance of metallic nanomaterials increased when subject to the tensile strain. Hence, it is of importance to enhance the conductivity and flexibility of the metallic nanomaterials simultaneously. One common method is to deposit metallic nanomesh onto elastic polymer substrate to enhance flexibility. As an example, Seo etal. prepared flexible Au nanomesh microelectrodes on flexible Kapton substrate. [Weighted base, swing arm and electrode holder that accepts up to four electrodes or probes, and a stirrer probe.